Antigen
Substances that cause the production of antibodies are known as antigens. Antigens are complex protein or sugar substances contained on or within the cells of an organism's tissues, including many types of blood cells. Almost all red blood cell antigens, including the ABO blood group antigens, are genetically inherited. The antigens on the cells of an organism’s tissue provide an identifying code that allows the organism to recognize its own cells as self. The ability to recognize antigens as either foreign or self provides the basis for all tissue transplantation, including blood transfusion. When an organism, including man, is invaded by foreign antigens, the organism produces or releases antibodies designed specifically to attack the invading antigens.
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